A brown dwarf is too massive to be categorized as a planet, but not massive enough to undergo nuclear fusion, a requirement for star classification. As a result of that, these unique substellar objects lie somewhere in between. Nevertheless, brown dwarfs can still host planets.

‘Brown dwarfs’, a kind of substellar object with a mass somewhere between a large planet and a small star, aren’t brown: more a dull orange.

(Image: NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/J. da Silva)

Quick thread on a fun new paper characterizing a long-period substellar object observed by Kepler. arxiv.org/abs/2107.00027 The single transit, identified by amateur astronomers, lasts nearly two days, and at 0.91 Rjup, is consistent with a planet, a brown dwarf, or a star. 1/5

Say hello to HD 33632 Ab: a substellar companion imaged around a Sun-like star with SCExAO/CHARIS. This is the instrument's first direct imaging discovery.

arxiv.org/abs/2011.08855

'Substellar'
The term 'brown dwarf' doesn't sound all that evocative but they are fascinating. Much larger than planets but not big enough for full stellar fusion. They are thought to fuse deuterium through which they shine with their own dim light.

digitalblasphemy.com/preview.shtml?…

Rebecca Oppenheimer is a transgender astronomer at American Museum of Natural History. She is one of the discoverers of the first observed brown dwarf, Gliese 229B, and one of the earliest observers of substellar objects' atmospheres. #LGBTHistory
Read more: t.gsu.edu/3TqumL0

Our latest atmospheric charactrization of a substellar object (benchmark T-type brown dwarf HD 19467B) suggests a partially cloudy sky! by Maire, Molaverdikhani et. al.💫

The track list for SUBSTELLAR is here! Pre save the album here and win a vinyl lemaitremusic.com

'Give me a ping, Vasili. One ping only, please.' Quinn+ present 'A Long-period Substellar Object Exhibiting a Single Transit in Kepler' arxiv.org/abs/2107.00027 which is 45 hours long! There's plenty to be found in archival data sets.

Our Subaru/SCExAO Direct Imaging Survey tonight.

The image capture shows an unreported (hopefully!) substellar companion with CHARIS we found some time ago...

doing some really cool experimental R&D in the background with a photonic lantern

A look inside the Orion Nebula revealed a surprise: 10 times more substellar objects forming than expected. These could be failed stars or rogue planets without stars. The nebula is part of the Orion constellation & is visible from Earth!🤩 #NebulaNovember exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1365/spec…

Releasing the Substellar Deluxe album this Friday! 3 new songs and 3 remixes🚨 pre save it here linktr.ee/lemaitre

SPHERE has observed the reddest known substellar companion HD206893 B with a mass of 15-30 times that of Jupiter for an age of 100-300 Million years. The red color might be caused by dust in the atmosphere or distributed around the object.
facebook.com/sphere.vlt/

SUBSTELLAR (LEMAITRE 4) by Laurie Greasley

Now available for minimum reserve of : Ξ 0.5

knownorigin.io/gallery/3591000

KnownOrigin.io

Art by @lauriegreasley

We also explored Floofy Objects in Color-Magnitude space and used a clustering algorithm on the 0 longitude observations to determine that there are 6 unique classes of Floofy Objects, generally separated by substellar point color and limb color. 6/8

Brown dwarfs are substellar objects (mass of only 13-80 Jupiters) that are not massive enough to sustain hydrogen nuclear fusion.
Is it possible to detect them by amateurs? YES!
Image: 'Teide 1' by Xavier Bros @AstroSabadell. It's the barely visible point at the top of the line.

Daniela Iglesias y Aurora Aguayo, estudiantes de postgrado del NPF y del IFA U.VALPO, nos cuentan sobre sus presentaciones en el workshop 'Formation of substellar objects: Theory and observations'. Si quieres ahondar sobre la tasa de acrecimiento: goo.gl/PwCEg2

Two brown dwarfs in the Praesepe cluster (M44)
After M45, M44 is the cluster in which search for substellar objects or red dwarfs, being at 180pc.
There are very few brown dwarfs concretely confirmed. In fact I only tracked down two in my however deep capture.

jk I’ll always be a degenerate gamer but definitely looking forward to #JWST data!

For me in particular, longer wavelength observations will help constrain properties in substellar atmospheres (cloud composition, grain size, etc.) ☁️

Which is a cooler place to find a mineral? Bird poop or Brown Dwarf? I vote for Perovskite over Amminineite because what other mineral helps determine the fate of stars? Or substellar objects that is… Perovskite is responsible for depletion of TiO in Brown Dwarf photospheres.